Forme interrogative e negative dei verbi principali privi di ausiliare

I soli tempi semplici inglesi sono il Simple Present e il Simple Past:

You play basketball every day. He plays basketball on Saturdays. They played basketball yesterday.

Le forme interrogative hanno bisogno dell’ausiliare do / does / did prima del soggetto; il verbo principale rimane alla , senza la desinenza della terza persona del presente o quella del passato:

Do you play basketball every day? Does he play basketball on Saturdays? Did they play basketball yesterday?

Per le forme negative occorrono don’t / doesn’t / didn’t prima del verbo alla forma semplice:

You don’t play basketball every day. He doesn’t play basketball on Saturdays. They didn’t play basketball yesterday.

• Simple Present - Persone diverse dalla terza singolare – forma interrogativa.

  Frase affermativa	Do	soggetto	verbo	resto della frase	?
  You speak English.	Do	you	speak	English	?
  These students learn other languages	Do	these students	learn	other languages	?
  Those professors teach at Oxford.	Do	those professors	teach	at Oxford	?
  We need extra money.	Do	we	need	extra money	?

• Simple Present - Persone diverse dalla terza singolare – forma negativa.

  Frase affermativa	soggetto	don’t	verbo	resto della frase
  You speak English.	You	don’t	speak	English.
  These students learn other languages	These students	don’t	learn	other languages.
  Those professors teach at Oxford.	Those professors	don’t	teach	at Oxford.
  We need extra money.	We	don’t	need	extra money.

• Simple Present - Terza persona singolare – forma interrogativa.

  Frase affermativa	Does	soggetto	verbo	resto della frase
  She speaks English.	Does	she	speak	English?
  This student learns other languages.	Does	this student	learn	other languages?
  That professor teaches at Oxford.	Does	that professor	teach	at Oxford?
  Tony studies Economics	Does	Tony	study	Economics?

• Simple Present - Terza persona singolare – forma negativa.

  Frase affermativa	soggetto	doesn’t	verbo	resto della frase
  She speaks English.	She	doesn’t	speak	English.
  This student learns other languages.	This student	doesn’t	learn	other languages.
  That professor teaches at Oxford.	That professor	doesn’t	teach	at Oxford.
  Tony studies Economics	Tony	doesn’t	study	Economics.

• Simple Past - Tutte le persone – forma interrogativa.

  Frase affermativa	Did	soggetto	verbo	resto della frase
  They spoke English.	Did	they	speak	English?
  This student learned other languages.	Did	this student	learn	other languages?
  That professor taught at Oxford.	Did	that professor	teach	at Oxford?
  You studied Economics	Did	you	study	Economics?

• Simple Past - Tutte le persone – forma negativa.

  Frase affermativa	soggetto	didn’t	verbo	resto della frase
  They spoke English.	They	didn't	speak	English.
  This student learned other languages.	This student	didn't	learn	other languages.
  That professor taught at Oxford.	That professor	didn't	teach	at Oxford.
  You studied Economics	You	didn't	study	Economics.

  N.B. Esiste anche un verbo principale irregolare do – did – done che è uno dei vari modi di tradurre “fare” ma è meglio pensare alle forme ausiliarie do/does/did come del tutto indipendenti da quel verbo principale.

  Un repertorio di esercizi sulle frasi interrogative

  Un esercizio sulle frasi negative