AFFISSI

Come spiegato nella pagina sulla Derivazione (se non l’avete letta, guardate qui prima di procedere), gli affissi includono i prefissi e i suffissi. Gli esempi che seguono sono una raccolta miscellanea che vuole dare un’idea di quali siano o come si combinino i più frequenti componenti dei vocaboli inglesi.




Prefissi	(valore approssimativo)	Verbi	Sostantivi	Aggettivi e participi	Avverbi
a-	(negative)		amorality	amoral	amorally
anti- / ante-	(before)	anticipate	anticipation	anticipated
anti-	(against)		anti-cyclone	anti-cyclonic	anti-clockwise
arch-	(chief)		archbishop	archiepiscopal
auto-	(self)		autobiography	autobiographical	autobio­graphically
bi-	(two)	bisect	bicentenary	bicentennial
co-	(together)	co-operate	co-operation	co-operative	co-operatively
counter-	(in opposition to)	counteract	counteraction	counteractive
de-	(reverse action)	defrost	defroster	defrosted
di-	(cut in half)		dichotomy	dichotomic
dia-	(through)		diameter	diametrical	diametrically
dis-	(not)	disapprove	disapproval	disapproving	disapprovingly
ex-	(former)		ex-husband
fore-	(before)	foresee	foresight	foreseen
hemi-	(half)		hemisphere	hemispheric
homo-	(same)	homogenise	homogenise	homogenised
hyper-	(beyond)	hyperbolise	hyperbole	hyperbolic
il-	(not)	illegitimate	illegitimacy	illegitimate	illegitimately
im-	(not)		impossibility	impossible	impossibly
in-	(not)	inconvenience	inconvenience	inconvenient	inconveniently
inter-	(between, among)	interact	interaction	international	internationally
ir-	(not)	irrationalise	irrationality	irrational	irrationally
mal-	(badly)	maltreat	maltreatment	malodorous
mini-	(little)		miniskirt
mis-	(incorrectly)	misspell	misspelling	misspelled
mono-	(single)	monopolise	monopoly	monopolistic
multi-	(many)		multisyllable	multilingual
neo-	(new)		neo-capitalism	neo-classic
non-	(negative)		non-alignment	non-aligned
out-	(more than)	outgrow	outgrowth
over-	(too much)	overcrowd	Overcrowding	overcrowded
pan-	(all)		pantoscope	pantoscopic
poly-	(many)	polymerise	polymerisation	polymeric
post-	(after)	postpone	postposition	postponable
pre-	(before)	pre-arrange	pre-arrangement	pre-arranged
pro-	(before)	prophesy	prophet	prophesied
pro-	(on the side of)		pro-Common Market	pro-Communist
proto-	(first, original)		prototype	prototypical
pseudo-	(false)		pseudomorphism	pseudomorfic
re-	(again)	renew	renewal	renewable
self-			self-consciousness	self-conscious	self-consciously
semi-	(half)		semicircle	semicircular
sub-	(less than, under)	sublet	subway	substandard
super-	(above, better)		superman	supernatural
super-	(over)	superheat	superheating	superheated
sur-	(over and above)	surcharge	surcharge	surcharged
syn / sym-	(with)	sympathise	sympathy	sympathetic	sympathetically
tele-	(at a distance)	telegraph	telegram	telegraphic	telegraphically
trans-	(across)	transact	transaction	transalpine
tri-	(three)	triplicate	triplication	triplicate
ultra-	(beyond)		ultramicroscope	ultra-microscopic
un-	(not)	uncover	unkindness	unkind	unkindly
under-	(too little)	underpay	understatement	underpaid
uni-	(one)	uniform	uniform	unilateral	unilaterally
vice-	(deputy)		vice-president	viceregal

Suffissi	Sostantivi
-age	heritage, carriage, usage
-ain	chaplain, mountain, fountain
-al	arrival, removal, refusal
-ana/-eana/-iana	Americana, Churchilliana, Shakespeariana
-ant	accountant, inhabitant, disinfectant
-ar	bursar, burglar, registrar
-cy	autocracy, bureaucracy, democracy
-dom	kingdom, martyrdom, earldom
-ee	committee, addressee, employee
-ence/-ance	competence, importance, deliverance
-er/-or	hijacker, sailor, decanter
-ese	Chinese, Milanese, Portuguese
-ess	actress, lioness, adventuress
-ette	cigarette, launderette, usherette
-graph	homograph, autograph
-gue	prologue, catalogue, monologue
-hood	childhood, statehood, motherhood
-(i)an	musician, republican, Indonesian
-ic/ics	arithmetic, acoustics, mathematics
-ie/-y	auntie, daddy, hippie
-ik	beatnik, Diabolik, sputnik
-ing	writing, reading, speaking
-ion	abstraction, constitution, suggestion
-ise	exercise, surprise, enterprise
-ism	capitalism, socialism, idealism
-ist	trade-unionist, atheist, specialist
-ity	formality, maturity, reality
-kind	mankind
-let	booklet, leaflet, piglet
-ment	agreement, amendment, payment
-ness	bitterness, kindness, laziness
-ology	psychology, sociology
-our	colour, odour, labour
-ry	machinery, poetry, slavery
-ship	friendship, hardship, scholarship
-ster	gangster, roadster, youngster
-t	complaint, restraint
-th	truth, width, warmth
-tion/-sion/-cion	abolition, discussion coercion
-ture / -sure/ –zure	literature, pleasure, seizure
-ty	security, charity, similarity
-xion	complexion, flexion, inflexion
-y	delivery, flattery, discovery

Suffissi	Aggettivi
-able/-ible	comfortable, impossible, valuable
-al	fatal, musical, principal
-ant/-ent	important equivalent impatient
-ate	appropriate, legitimate, separate
-ed	painted, pointed, united
-en	golden, wooden, woollen
-ern	northern, southern, western
-ese	Japanese, Pekinese, Vietnamese
-esque	Dantesque, Romanesque, picturesque
-ful	beautiful, tasteful, useful
-(i)an/-ean	Shavian, Shakespearean, Euclidean
-ic	dramatic, Slavonic, heroic
-ine	alpine, marine
-ing	following, painstaking, surrounding
-ish	bookish, childish, foppish
-ite	Hitlerite, Israelite, Socialite
-ive	active, creative, impressive
-less	countless, useless, witless
-like	childlike, manlike, womanlike
-ly	daily, lovely, soldierly
-ory	compulsory, perfunctory, illusory
-ous	delicious, courteous, vivacious
-some	handsome, lonesome, quarrelsome
-y	foggy, milky, misty

Suffissi	Verbi
-ate	hyphenate, estimate, validate
-en	redden, soften, lighten
-fy	amplify, beautify, purify
-ise/-ize	advertise, patronise, civilise

Suffissi	Avverbi
-ly	carefully, quickly, slowly
-ward(s)	backward(s), homeward(s), northward(s)
-ways	sideways, edgeways
-wise	clockwise, crabwise, crosswise

Si notino questi esempi che contengono più di un affisso:

counterclockwise

uncomfortable

restlessness

undiscoverably

Per comprendere le parole di cui non riuscite a ricostruire il significato, consulta uno dei dizionari accessibili dalla colonna di destra. Qui trovi un esercizio